Mechanical movement



F. MLLER.

MECHANICAL MGVEMENT.

APPLICATxoN msu :ULY 29.1920.

1 ,429,6 l 2, Patented Sept. 19, 1922.

FIG. I Fm? P P /f l -5 f5' x wm F. MLLER.

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 29. |920.

Patented Sept. 19, 1922.

3 SHEEIS-SHEET 2- NVENToR I w .e Q O o :d .ne

I. I .II II.- W 2. I 2:

F. MLLER.

MECHN|CAL MOVEMENT.

APPLICATION mio JuLv 29.1920.

Patented Sept. 19, 1922.

Patented Sept. 19, 1922.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRIEDERICH MLLER, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR T0 PRATT WHIT- NEYCOMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A

CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

Driginal application led March 31, 1919, Serial No. 286,524. Divided andthis application led July 29, 1920. Serial No. 399,715.

To all whom. t may concern:

Be it known that I, FRIEDRICH MLLER, acitizen of the United Statesresiding at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inMechanical Movements, of which the following is a specification.

In my copendin applications for metal cutting machines, erial No.201,338, filed Nov. 10th, 1917, and Serial No. 286,524, filed March31st, 1919, I have shown and described metal cutting machinesparticularly adapted for shaping and preferably relieving rotatablework, such as blanks for milling cutters. Certain features of the saidmachines are ada ted for use for other classes of Work and.) are novelwhen considered broadly as mechanical movements rather than morespecifically as parts of metal cutting machines.- In the presentapplication, which is a continuation in part of the first saidapplication and which is a division of the second said application, Ipre sent the said novel features of the said machines and claim thembroadly as mechanical movements.

In accordance with the present invention, a tool (illustrated as acutting tool) is movable with respect to a holder (illustrated as awork-holder mechanism) and certain improved devices are used forcontrollin the tool movement. Relative movement is e ected between thetool and the holder, and, as illustrated, the tool is moved. Preferablythe tool is moved intermittentl rather than continuousl Y so that itsuccessively assumes different re atively fixed positions. Relativeseparation or withdrawal takes place between the tool and the holder atintervals, and, as illustrated, t-he tool is withdrawn. Preferably thetool is withdrawn at the time of each movement. Also by preferencemechanism such as a guide or former and a pin cooperating therewith isprovided for controllin the successive positions of the tool. Re tivemovements take place bebetween t e pin and the uide or former similar tothose between te tool and the holder.

Mechanism is provided which is preferably independent of or supplementalto the Withdrawing mechanism for returning the tool and usually the pinto operative positions. This mechanism preferably serves 1:0 return thetool and pin slowl with a minimum pressure. It is also pre erred. toprovide an improved locking means for holding the tool and usually thetions. This loc ing means is particu useful in combination withreturning mechanism.

The general object of the invention is to provide a mechanical movementcapable of controlling the relative movements and preferably themovements of the tool and the pin in the ways above outlined. Furtherand more specific objects will be apparent from the followingspecification and claims.

In the accompanying drawings the invention is illustrated as embodied ina metal cutting machine such as presented in In aforesaid a plication,Serial No. 286,524. t will be undarstood, however, that the metalcutting machine is shown and described merely for convenience` and thatthe invention is capable of being embodied in machines structurallydifferent and adapted for different classes of work. The drawings,therefore, are not to be construed as defining or limiting the scope ofthe invention, the accompanying claims being relied upon for thatpurpose.

Of the drawings:

Figures 1 to 4 are diagrams illustrating the nessential characteristicsof a mechanical movement embodying the invention.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary front view, partly in section, of a metalcutting machine including a mechanical movement embodying the invention.v

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary plan view of the machine shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a vertical transverse sectional view taken along the line 7 7of Fig. 5.

Fig.' 8 is a vertical transverse sectional view taken along the line 8 8of Fig. 5.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary vertical longitudinal sectional view taken alongthe line 9-9 arly 4of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary vertical longitudinal section taken along theline lO-lO of Fig. 7.

in in their operative osi! the independent In the diagrammatic Figs. lto 4 l have illustrated the essential irinciples of a mechanismeml'iodying the invention. ln these views, l represents a` guide,pattern or former having a shape or cont/our which is to bc followed. -Pis a follower or pin which is adapted to engage the former and to followthe shape or contour thereof. Preferably there isprovided a. tool Twhich is adapted to be controlled by the former and pin, this toolpreferably being connected with the pin to be bodily movable therewith.As illustrated, both the pin P and the tool T are mounted on a supportS. When there is a tool suchras T there is also provided a carrier orholder which is adapted to hold the work to be operated upon by thetool. The tool T may be a cutting tool, but the invention is not solimited as the tool may be one adapted for scribing or otherwise actingupon the work.

In accordance with the invention, relative longitudinal movement iseffected intermittently or at intervals between the former and the pin.Preferably the pin is moved with respect to the former though this isnot essential. The former and .the pin are transversely separated at thetime of each longitudinal movement. Preferably the pin is withdrawnfromthe former, the former remaining stationary, but it will beunderstood that this is not essential.V At the conclusion of eachrelative longitudinal movement the former and pin are restored toengagement, contact being effected at a new location on the former.

'hen a tool such as T is provided relative movements between the tooland the holder are effected which are similar to those be tween the pinand the former. lVhen the longitudinal and withdrawing movements areimparted to the pin and the former remains stationary similar movementsare 1mparted to the tool and the holder remains stationary.

Fig. 1 illustrates the pin P in engagement with the former F and thetool T in operative relationship with the holder H. Fig. 2 illustratesthe pin and the tool withdrawn reparatory to a longitudinal movement.

ig. 3 shows the pin and tool still withdrawn but moved longitudinally toa new position. Fig. Il shows the pin and the tool restored to operativepositions, the pin contacting with the former at a new location on thecontour and the tool having a corresponding new position with respect tothe holder. 'It will be understood that the move ments as illustrated inFigs. 1 to 4 are considerably exaggerated and that in practice theywould be much smaller in order that the successive positions of the in'and tool along the respective contours might be very close together.

It will be seen that this construction makes it possible to follow acontour having portions thereof very steeply inclined. In earliermachines making use of a former and pin it has been customary to feedthe pin longitudinally at a constant slow speed. The pin has been heldin engagement withV the former by spring pressure or otherwise and theexpectation has been that the pin would automatically follow theinclined parts of the contour, moving inward or outward in accordancetherewith. Machines of this type have been successful to a limitedextent but it has been impossible for them to follow a contour in whichparts thereof were sharply inclined. lt isiclear that in a machine ofthe earlier type the pin P would fail to follow outward along a sharplyin clined part of the .contour and would bind, thus resulting in thestopping or breaking of the Inachine. Even when the contour was notso'steep as to completely bindthe pin there was nevertheless a strongside pressure applied to the pin which tended to deflect or distort it,thus interfering with the accuracy of the operation. All of thesedifficulties are overcome in a machine con structed in accordance withmy invention. The pin and the former and also the tool and the work areseparated at the time of longitudinal movement and -thus longitudinalmovement can take place freely without any hindrance. At the conclusionof longitudinal movement the pin is restored to en gagement with theformer at a new transverse location corresponding to the newlongitudinal location.

Figs. 5 to 10 of the drawings show a ma chine embodying the principlesillustrated in 'Figs l to 4 and also having many additional features. lnthese figures, 1 represents the main frame or bed upon which the otherpartsmf the mechanism are supported.

Mounted preferably in fixed position on the frame is a carrier or holderwhich is illustrated as being a work-holding means preferably adapted topermit the work or blank to rotate. As illustrateds the work or blankholder includes a headstock 2 and preferC ably also a tailstock 3. Atool holding and operating mechanism is provided as shown at 4. The toolis ordinarily associated with the holder as shown and when the holder isa work-holding means the tool is adapted to engage and usually act uponthe work. In a machine such as illustrated the tool is adapted to cutthe work to remove metal therefrom. Preferably the headstock 2 and thetailstock 3 are so arranged as to hold the blank against longitudinalmovement? he tool mechanism 4 being moved longitudinally along the blankin the manner to be presently set forth. When the machine is soconstructed. the headstock 2 is fixedly se cured to the bed, preferablybeing formed in part integrally therewith, as shown. The

tailstock 3 is adjustable along the bed Ito accommodate blanks or blankarbors of different lengths.

The headstock 2 is provided with a rotatable spindle 5 mounted inbearings 6 and 7. Secured to the spindle is a collet chuck 8 which maybe of any usual or preferred form and which is adapted to gripeitherr'the shank of the tool to be formed and relieved o r an arbor uon which the tool is mounted. As illustrate there is a blank A mountedupon anl arbor B, the arbor vbeing engaged by the chuck 8." For rotatingthe spindle 5 there is rovided adrive mechanism including a drivinmember in the form of a worm wheel 9 mes ing with a worm (not shown) ona transverse rotatable shaft 11.

The tailstock 3 may be of any usual or preferred construction, and onlya fragment thereof is shown in the drawings. It is ad justable alon ways12 and 13 and can be secured in adjusted position b means of a suitableclamp notshown. he tailstock spindle is indicated at 16 and carries acenter 17. The spindle can be moved longitudinally by means of asuitable screw. For clamping the sleeve in adjusted position there isprovided a handle 20. As shown in Fig. 6, the center 17 is adjusted intoengagement with the end of the arbor B.

The tool mechanism 4 includes a carriage 21 which is longitudinallymovable along Ways 22 and 23 on the bed 1. Mounted for transverselmovement with respect to the carriage 21 is a slide 24, this slidecarrying the before mentioned tool. As already stated, a metal cuttingtool is illustrated but itis to be understood that the present inventionis not limited to the metal cutting art. W'hen a metal cutting tool isprovided, such as shown at 25, it is referably very narrow, but ifdesired a wi er tool may be used.

A mechanism embodyin the invention is adapted for following any esiredpath which may be a straight line or which may be a predeterminedcontour differing from a straight line in any practical desired way. 'Inthe case of rotary work, as illustrated, the blank maybe cut with auniform diameter or with a diameter varying uniformly from end to end orit may be cut with any predetermined contour differing from a straightline. The predetermined path is followe by properly controlling thelongitudinal movements of the carriage 21 and the transverse movementsof the slide 24. Preferably for regulating and controlling thesemovements I provide a former or guide and a suitable pin associatedtherewith, one carried in fixed position on the bed 1, and the othercarried by the slide 24. It will be seen that I have thus provided twosupports to which the guide and the pin respectively are normallyfixedly secured and whereby their relative movements are limited to twodirections at an angle (preferably a right angle)- to each other. Asillustrated, there is provided a former 26 carried by the bed and aformer pin 27 carried by the slide 24. The former 26 has exactly thesame contour with which the blank is to be formed and the former in 27has exactly the same shape as the cuttln tool 25. The pin is detachablysecured to t e slide so that it can be removed and another pin besubstituted corresponding to a tool differing in shape from the tool 2 5which is shown. For supporting the former 26 there is provided a bracket28 rigidly secured to the bed 1. In order to permit adjustment, theformer 26 is secured to a slide 29 which is longitudinally movable alonga suitable guidewa 3() on the bracket, a screw 31 being provide foreiecting longitudinal movement. The slide can be locked in adjustedpositiony by means of screws 32, 32 engaging a gib 33. To permit theready attachment of the former, the slide 29 is provided with a T-slot34 adapted to receive T-bolts 35 passing through the former. To furtherassist in holding the former in place and to prevent any possible freemovement thereof, there is provided a hooked bolt 36 which, whentightened, serves to draw the former back against a suitable shoulder onthe slide. In practice, a former 26 is selected having a contourcorresponding with the predetermined path which the tool is to follow.As illustrated, this contour is that with which the blank A is to beformed. After the former has been selected it vis preferably adjustedlongitudinally by means of the slide 29 until it bears the same relationto the former pin 27 that the blank A bears to the tool 25. As thecarriage is moved longitudinally the slide 24 with the tool 25 is movedtransversely so as to keep the former pin in engagement with the former.

Preferably, as illustrated, the tool is movable with respect to theslide 24 and for some classes of work such as the making of blanks formilling cutters it is necessary to automatically move the tool withrespect to the slide 24 during the operation of the machine. In themaking of milling cutters the tool is regularly moved in such a way asto properly relieve the several teeth on the blank. Mounted on the slide24 is a slide 37 which is transversel movable along a suitable guideway.arried in part by the slide 24 is a mechanism for effecting regular*`reciprocating relieving movements of the slide 37 and the tool insuitable timed relation with the rotative movement of the blank. Inorder that the tool may be adjusted for blanks of different sizes, thereis provided a tool-carrying slide 38 transversely movaoie on the slide37. For moving the slide 38 there is provided a screw 39 rotatable bymeans of a hand wheel 40. The slide 38 is provided with a transverseT-slot 4l and a tool post 42 is lield in place by means of T-bolts 43entering the slot. The tool post has a toolreeeiving aperture providedwith a horizontal top wall 44 exactly at the level of the axis of theblank. The tool 25 is put in place with its top surface engaging thehorizontal wall 44 of the tool post and is held in this position bymeans of a wedge 45.

lt will be observed that with the construction described the tool ismaintained in parallelism as it moves longitudinally for feeding orinward and outward to follow the contour.

The relieving mechanism for moving the slide 37 together with the toolS25 includes a rotatable relieving cam 46 which is mounted on the slide24 so as to be bodily movable therewith. As shown, the cam is mounted ona longitudinal rotatable shaft 47 mounted in bearings 48 and 49 on abracket 5U depending at the front of the slide 24. A lever 51 is pivotedbetween its ends on the slide 24 and at its lower end is provided with aroller engaging the cam 46. The upper end of the lever engages anabutment 52 on the slide 37. A coil spring 53 is interposed between theslide 37 and the slide 24, this spring tending to press the slide 37forward, thus holding the abutment 52 in firm Contact with the upper endof the lever 5l. It will be seen that when the cam 46 is rotated thelever 51 will be oscillated, thus iving a recipro cating movement to thesli e 37 and to the tool 25. The shape of the cam 46 is such that theslide 37 is moved forward rela tively slowl f at a uniform rate so thatthe tool may el ect a relieving cut, and is then drawn back relativelyrapidly so as to withdraw the tool and position it for another cut.

As before stated, the cam 46 is driven in timed relation with the blankrotation. For rotating the cam, l make use of the aforesaid transverseshaft 11. Positioned immediately below the shaft 1l is a shaft 54 which1s mounted partly in the main frame and partly in a bracket. 55 securedthereto. For connecting the two shafts 11 and 54 there is provided agear 56 on the shaft 11, a gear 57 on the shaft 54 and an idler gear 58meshing with the two gears 56 and 57. The idler gear is mounted on abearing stud 59 carried b f an ad'ustable slotted arm 60. The Spee ratioetween the two shafts 11 and 54 can be changed by removing one or bothof the gears 56 and 57 and substituting other gears of differentdianters, it being clear that the idler ear 58 can be adjusted to meshwith such differently diametered gears. Mounted in the said bracket 55is a vertical shaft and this shaft is driven from the shaft 54 by meansof bevel rearing 63. By means of bevel gearing 64 t le shaft, which isoperated by the gearing 63, serves to drive a longitudinal splined shaft65. This shaft is supported partly in a bearing 66 secured to the bedand partly in bearings 67 in a depending bracket 68 secured to thecarriage 2l.

Mounted on the shaft between the bearings 67 and splined to the shaft,is a worm 69. This worm meshes with a worm wheel 7() which is connectedwith a transverse shaft 71. The worin wheel and the shaft are rotatablymounted in a bearing 72 formed in the bracket 68, and in a bearing 734formed on a supplemental bracket 74 secured to the bracket 68. Slidablymounted on the shaft 7l is a bevel gear` 75, and this gear is engaged bya bearing 76 on the aforesaid bracket 50 depending from the front end ofthe slide Q4. The bevel gear 75 meshes with a bevel gear 77 on the shaft47. The bevel gear 75 and tha shaft 71 are splined or otherwise suitablyconstructed so that the bevel gear is rotated7 but is at the same timefree to nieve transversely of the machine when the slide 24 is moved.inasmuch as the bevel gears 75 and 77 are both supported by the bracket50, they are at all times held in mesh. It will be seen that with thisconstruction power is transmitted from the shaft 1l, through the severalparts that have been described, to the shaft 65, and is transmitted fromthe shaft 65 to the shaft 47 and the cam 46, the connection between theshaft 65 and the shaft 47 being such that free transverse movement ofthe cam and associated parts is permitted. The cam 46 is given onecomplete rotation for each tooth of the blank. The machine can beadjusted for blanks with different` numbers of teeth by changing thegears 56 and 57 as already explained.

fhe machine illustrated is adapted for relieving blanks with helicalteeth. This feature of the machine constitutes no part of the presentinvention but it will be briefly described in order to give a completeunderstanding of the mechanism. In order that blanks with helical teethma be properly relieved, it is necessary to eflct the relievingmovements of the tool in peculiar relation to the rotative movement ofthe blank so that the relief ma be in conformity with the helical teeth.I lave stated that the relieving movements of the tool are effected intimed relation to the rotative movement of the blank; and, for any givenposition of the carriage, this timed relation is fixed and definite butwhen the carriage is moved te bring the tool into a new cuttingposition, it is necessary to vary the relation between the relievingmovements of the tool and the rotative movement of the blank.

.In the construction illustrated, the worm 9 is not connected directlywith the spindle 5 but is connected indirectly byimeans of suitablegearin 78 which can be supplement-all move to change the spindlerotat1on y preference, this gearing is bodily rotatable and includes arack and pinion, the rack bein longitudinally slidable in .accordancewitg the longitudinal movements of the carriage 21. Coaxially mountedwith the spindle 5 is a sleeve 79, this being supported inbearings 80and 81 in the ,headstock. The inner end of the sleeve preferably extendsinto and has a bearing in the outer end of the spindle. The aforesaidworm 9 is rigidly secured to the sleeve 79.

Associated with the spindle is a frame 82 which is recessed to receivethe outer end of the spindle and engage the outer surface thereof.Slidably mounted in the sleeve 79 is a shaft 83 having rack teeth formedthereon at 84. The shaft 83 is splined to the sleeve 79 so as to berotatable therewith. Rotatably mounted in bearings in the frame 82 is atransverse shaft 85 provided with teeth 86 which meshes with the rackteeth 84. Also rotatably mounted in the frame 82 is a transverse shaft87. The two shafts 85 and 87 are connected by spur gears 88 and 89.,Also rotatably mounted in the frame 82 is a third rotatable shaft 90, towhich is secured a worm 91. This worm meshes with Worm teeth 92 formedin-the periphery of the spindle 5 near the end thereof. At the side ofthe bracket 82 opposite from the gears 88 and .89 there is providedgearing (not shown) for connecting the shafts 87 and 90.

Carried by the shaft 83 at the outer end thereof is anannularly groovedcollar 100. Rigidly secured to the main frame adjacent the shaft 83 is alongitudinal guide stud 101. Slidably mounted on the stud 101 is abracket 102 having a form 103 entering the groove in the collar 100. Thebracket 102 is apertured to receive a longitudinal rod 104, which isconnected at its right-hand end with thecarriage 21. The bracket 102 canbe clamped to the rod 104 in any desired relative position.

It will be seen that when the carriage 21 is moved longitudinally alongthe be the rod 104, together with the bracket 102, will be moved at thesame time and to the same extent. By reason of the enga ment of the'fork 103 with the collar 100 t e shaft 83 is slmilarl moved, thusmoving the rack teeth 84. en the rack slides longitudinally the pinion86 is turned and this serves, by means of the gearin and the severalshafts that have been described, to turn the Worm 91. The r-tativemovement of the Worm 91 serves to turn the spindle 5 relatively to theframe 82 and the spindle 79. It will be understood, as before stated,that the entire 'carried thereby.

gearing 78 rotates bodily with the spindle .9- It will therefore beclear that the relative movement of the spindle with respect to thesleeve simplyserves to either increase or decrease the spindle rotationto a certain extent. However, the relative movement of the splndle isdetermined by the longitudinal movement of the rack 84, which in turn isdetermined by the longitudinal'movement of the carriage 21 and of thecutting tool 25 yInasmuch as the relieving cam reciprocates the toolwith a frequency which is normally uniform, and inasmuch as the spindleand the blank are given a changed rotation which is in exact proportionto the longitudinal movement of the carriage and the tool, it is clearthat the relieving movement-s are effected in such relation to the blankas tobe in conformity with helical teeth.

For moving the carriage longitudinally along the bed there is provided ascrew 107 which engages a nut 108 carried by a bracket 109 dependingfrom the carriage. The screw is supported at its left-hand end in abearing 110 f ormed in a bracket 111 secured to the bed. Mounted in thebracket 111 is a transverse shaft 112 which is connected with the screw107 by means of bevel gearing 113. At the front end of the shaft 112 isa hand,l wheel 114 by means of which the screw may be turned manually tomove the carriage. In order that the carriage may be moved automaticallyto feed the tool from one cutting position to another, a suitablemechanism is provided. This mechanism is ada ted to feed the carriageintermittently. lounted in the bracket 111 is a transverse bearing pin115 upon which is mounted a gear 117 which meshes with a gear 118 on theshaft 112. Connected with this gear 117 is a ratchet Wheel 119. Looselymounted on the hub of the ratchet wheel is a swinging arm 123. Pivotallyconnected with this arm near the lower end thereof is a link 124 whichis adjustably connected at its left-hand end with an oscillating crankarm 125. The crank arm is secured to a transverse rock shaft 126 whichcarries at its rear end a lever 128. Carried by the lever at the upperend thereof is a roller positioned to be engaged by a cam 130 on alongitudinal rotatable shaft .131. Mounted on the swinging arm 123 is aratchet 133 adapted to e'ngage the ratchet wheel 119. The shaft 131 isrotated in the manner to be presently described, and 1t will be seenthat at each rotation thereof the arm 128 and the crank arm 125 areoscillated. By means of the link 124 the oscillation of the crank arm125 1s transmitted to the plate 123, the extent of oscillation of theplate being adjustable changing the connection between the l1 and thecrank arm. By means ofthe contact therewith. `maintained in contact withthe former at ratchet 133 the ratchet wheel 119 is turned through asmall angle, thus turning the shaft 112 and the lead screw 107 andmoving the carriage.

Although constituting 11o part of the present invention the machineirclerably includes two alternately' operable mechanisms, one forturning the spindle and reciprocating the tool for eiectin f relief, andthe other for feeding the tool. hese mecl'nanisms are not herein shownor described in detail. lt is desirable to feed the tool longitudinallywhile out of engagement with the blank, that is, when the tool isopposite the groove between two teeth of the blank. The blank is turnedthrough a )proximately one revolution and is preferably mounted in thespindle so that at the position of stopping the tool will be opposite agroove. Ilhe grooves are helical but the spindle and the blank aresupplementally turned at each longitudinal movement, this supplementalturning exactly compensating for the inclina tion of the grooves andinsuring the stopping of the blank with a groove opposite the tool.

`Preferably the tool is withdrawn at the time of each longitudinalmovement, the former pin also being withdrawn from engagement with theformer. This withdrawal is eil'ected by mechanism operated by the shaft131, which operates intermittently, the withdrawal being properly timedwith respect to the feeding movement. Associated with the slide 24 is anabutment 180 which is engaged by the upper end of a lever 181longitudinally pivoted to the carriage 21. The lower end of the lever isprovided with a roller which is adapted to be engaged by a cam plate 182on a cam disk 183 secured to the shaft 131. At the beginning of therotation of the shaft 131 the cam plate 182 engages the roller on thelever 181 and swings it in the counter-clockwise direction, thus movingthe abutment 180 toether with the slide 24 toward the front. n thisway'the tool 25 is withdrawn from the blank and the former pin 27 iswithdrawn from the former 26. As the shaft 131 continues to rotate, thecam 130 operates the feeding mechanism in the way already described, andthe carriage is moved longitudinally along the bed. After that the camplate 182 permits the lever 181 to return to the position shown, and theslide 24 moves rearward permitting the tool 25 and the former pin 27 tomove to their operative positions. It will be seen! that by thuswithdrawing the. former pin from the former at the time of longitudinalmovement I alla@ any dculties imident te forcing the former pin alon fthe former pin were all times difficulty would be experienced in theformer while in,

effecting the longitudinal movement, particularly at places where thecontour of the former is sharply inclined. For stee) inclines such asherein illustrated, it would be im )ossible to thus move the former pin.

referably the former pin is restored to engagement with the former by arelatively slow movement with a minimum of pressure so that there willbe no tendency to ben or distort the )in or to secure uneven con tactbetween tie pin and the former. For this purpose I provide a mechanismfor returnm the carriage which is entirely indepen ent in its operationfrom the mechanism for withdrawing it. The before mentioned abutment18() is not connected di rectly to the slide 24 but is connected to asecond slide 184 which is transversel movable independently of the firstslide 24. Springs 185 are interposed between the slide 184 and thecarria e 21 and these springs tend to move the s ide 184 rearward, thusholding the abutment 18() at all times in ena ment with the lever 181.

`he two slides 24 and 184 are ordinarily connected b a lock. As shownmost clearly in Fig. 9, t ie lock includes a plate 186 located in arecess in the top of the slide 24. The plate is provided with a bosswhich pro jects downward through a slot in the s ide, and threaded intothis bossis a vertical stud 187. This stud extends through and closelyfits an aperture in the slide 184. Pivoted to the slide 184 are twosmall bell-crank levers 188, these levers havin horizontal upper armswhich en age a co lar on the stud 187. The lower en s of the levers areadapted to be engaged by a tapered cam bushing 189 vertically' movableon the stud. rhen the bushing 189 is in its lower position, as shown,the levers 188 are forced outward, thus drawing the stud 187 downwardand forcing the plate 186 into clamping engagement' with the slide 24.In this way the slide 24 is firmly connected with the slide 184. `Whenthe bushing 189 is in its raised posi tion, the levers 188 swing inward,thus permittin the stud 187 to move upward and release t e plate 186from its clamping engagement with the slide 24. For movin the bushing189 there is provided a fork lever 190 having pro'ections engaging slotsor notches in the bus ing. This lever is secured to a longitudinal rockshaft 191 mounted in bearings in the carriage 21. Connected with thelever 190 is a lever 192 having a roller which is adapted to be engagedby cam plates 193 and 194 secured to a cam disk 195 mounted on the shaft131. It will be seen that as the shaft 131 rotates, the cam plate 193 aethe roller on the lever 192, thus moving t e lever 190 and the cambushing 189 upward and releasing the lock. Subsequently the roller isengaged by the cam plate 194, thus movi-ng the cam lliuliing 189downward and re-engaging the I have already stated that a supplementalmechanism is provided for returning the slide after it has beenwithdrawn in the way before described. Preferably, in order that thissupplemental returning mechanism may operate without being affected inany wa by the return movement ofthe slide' 184, and in order furtherthat the-slide 24 ma be returned with a minimum of effort, l provide asupplemental means for supporting the slide 24 after it has beenunlocked from the slide 184. As illustrated, the carriagle. 21 isprovided near its front and rear wit transverse pivot pins 196 and 197.The carriage is slotted adJacent the pins, and in these slots arepositioned arms 198 and 199 respectively pivoted on the said pins. Thearms are respectively provided with rollers `200 and 201 which areadapted to engage the bottom of the slide 24. The arms are connected bypivoted links 202, and these links in turn are connected by a transverseyoke-203. The yoke 203 is provided with slots -or notches in which fitpivot bosses projecting upward from the lever 190. The result is thatwhen the lever 190 is swung upward to release the lock, the arms'198 and199 are swung in a clockwise direction, thus swinging the rollers 200and 201 upward so as to lift the slide 24 olf from the slide-184 andsupport it independently. The actual raising of the slide may be but afew thousandths of an inch. VF or returning the slide 24 rearward assoon as it has been released by the lock and elevated by the rollers,there are provided coil sprin 205. Preferably these springs are located1n long transverse c lindrical apertures 206 in the slide 24. he springsabut at their rear ends against plugs 207threaded into the apertures,and at their front ends abut against heads 208 on transverse rods 209.The rods 209 extend through central openings in the'plugs 207 and areconnected at their rear ends with brackets 210 on the carriage 21.Preferably the heads 208 are in the form of pistons and the forwardparts ofthe apertures 206 constitute cylinders 211 in which the pistons208 ft and move. Secured to the slide 24 is a casting 212 having atransverse passageway which communicates at its ends with the cylinders211. Alsol formed in the casting 212 is a fluid reservoir 214. Leadingfrom the passageway 213 into the reservoir 214 is a restricted aperture215 which -is preferably controlled by an adjustable needle valve 216.Leading from the reservoir 214 back to the passageway 213 is anautomatic. check valve 217. The cylinders 211 together with thepassageway 213 and a part of the reservoir 214 are filled with asuitable fluid, which is preferably a liquid such as oil. It will beseen that as soon as the slide 21 has been elevated and released fromthe slide 184, the springs 206 tend to move it rearward. This tendency,however, is resisted by the en agement of the pistons 208 with theliquid in the c linders. This engagement forces the liquiflout of thecylinders into the passageway 213 and thence into the reservoir 214through the restricted aperture 215. The liquid can pass through thisaperture only re atively slowl and thus the return movement of the sli eis made to take place very slowly. When the slide is moved quicklyforward at the time of next feeding, the check valve 217 opens to permitthe liquid to flow from the reservoir 14 back to the passageway 213 andthe cylinders 211. The slow return movement causes the former pin toengage the former gently and with a minimum force, so that there islittle or no tendency to bend or deflect the parts. In this way I avoidany excessive or variable deflection or distortion such as would affectthe contour of the cutter.

It will be noted that the several cams 130, 182, 193 and 194 are sopositioned in relation to each other that-the operations which theyrespectively control take place in the following order. First the twoslides 184 and 24 are moved backward in unison, they being stillllockedtogether. Then the slide 24 is unlocked from the slide 184 and is at thesame time elevated on the rollers 200 and 201. At or about the sametime-the carriage is moved longitudinally to feed the tool to a newcutting position. Then the slide 184 is permitted to return to itsnormal position.

In the meantime the slide 24 is being moved slowly rearward under thecontrol of the springs 205 and the fluid regulating mechanism. After thecompletion of the return movement of the slide 24, the rollers 200 and2,01 are lowered and the slide is again locked to the slide 184.

It is believed that the general operation of the mechanism will be clearfrom the foregoing description and that a very brief summary willsuflice. A former or guide 26 is selected having the desired contour andwhen a piece is to be cut or otherwise acted upon it is put in place onthe carrier. In the case of a blank for a milling cutter, such asillustrated, the blank is mounted on the centers having `been previouslygrooved and roughed out in any usual or preferred manner. If the blankhas helical teeth the gearing 78 is adjusted in accordance with thedegree of inclination of the teeth and the gearing with t e number ofteeth. The tool is adjusted transversely and longitudinally intoengagement with the blank at the righthand end thereof. Then the machineis started, the spindle 79 and the operating shaft 131 operatingalternately in succession.

During the rotative movement of the blank, relievin movements of' thetool are ell'ected as descr! ed.l thus cuttingthedesired relief on theteeth of the blank. Aft/er one complete revolution of the blank therotative movement of the spindle is stopped and also the relievingmovements of the tool. The cal riagc is then fed longitudinallj'f towardthe left, thc blank turning slightly7 in conformA ity with the helicalteeth. Just prior to the longitudinal movement the tool slide is with--drawn, thus withdrawing the tool from the blanli and the former pin fromthe former. After the longitudinal movement, the tool slide is movedslowly in the opposite direc tion, thus gently returning the former pinto the former which is engaged at a new position. The tool assumes acorresponding position with respect to the blank. After this movement ofthe tool and former pin the blank is again rotated through onerevolution and these movements are repeated alternately in successionuntil the blank is completely formed. It will be seen that with thestep-hystep movements described and with a fine feed the former pin canfollow or climb a veri sharply inclined portion of the contour of theformer. the tool being caused to cut a similarly inclined part of thecontour of the cutter.

The method of: making milling cutters which is herein disclosedt thoughnot claimed, is set forth in my copending application for methods ofmaking milling cutters, Serial No. 326,875. filed Sept. 27, 1919. as adivision of my said application Serial No. 286,524. A cutter made inaccordance with the said method is set forth in my eopending applicationfor milling cutters. Sen rial No. 368,928, filed March 26, 1920.

What I claim is:

1. In a mechanical movement, the combination of' a movable tool, a screwfor moving the tool, two ratchet wheels, diii'erently speeded powerconnections between the respective ratchet wheels and the screw, and

two oscillating ratchets adapted respectively to engage the ratchetwheels, whereby the tool may be moved intermittently through either oftwo distances.

2. In a, mechanical movement, the combination of a movabletool, a screwfor moving the tool, two ratchet wheels, differently speeded powerconnections between the respective ratchet wheels and the screw, anoscillating ratchet arm, and two ratchets both carried by the said armand adapted respectivfely to engage the ratchet wheels,

whereb the tool may be moved intermittentlv t rough either of twodistances.

3. `n a 4mechanical movement, the combination of a movable tool, a screwfor movp ing the tool, two ratchet wheels, differently speeded powerconnections between the re spective ratchet wheels and the screw, an

oscillating ratchet arm, two ratclicts both carried by the said arm andadapted respectively to en age the ratchet wheels, whereby thc too maybe moved intermittently through either of two distances` and means foradjusting the amount of move nient of the arm to change the saiddistances of' intermittent movement.

4. The combination of a former having a contour differing from astraight line, a former pin adapted to engage the former` and automaticmeans for effecting at inter vals relative movements between the pin andthe former to successive fixed relative engaging positions.

5. The combination of a guide. a pin adapted to engage the guide1 twosupports to which the guide and the pin respectively are normallyfixedly secured and whereby their relative movements are limited to twodirections at an angle to each other. and automatic means for effectingrelative in termittent movements between the supports in one of the saiddirections.

G. The combination of a tool, a holder, a guide, a pin adapted to engagethe guide.4 and automatic means for effecting at intervals relativemovements between thc tool and holder and between the pin and guide tosuccessive relatively fixed positions. which positions are determined inpart by the en gagement of the pin with the guide.

7. The combination of a former having a contour differing from astraight line, a pin adapted to engage the former, two supports to whichthe former and pin respectively are normally fixedly secured and wherebytheir relative movements are limitcd to two directions at an angle toeach other, a tool carried by one of the supports, and automatic meansfor effecting relative intermittent movements between the supports inone of the said directions.

8. The combination of a former having a contour differing from astraight line, a former pin adapted to engage the former., a tool,automatic means for intermittently moving the pin and tool in unison tosuc cessive fixed positions. which positions are determined in part bythe engagement of the pin with the former, and means for changing theposition of the tool with respect to that of the pin.

9. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a tool, a holder.means for effecting relative movement between the tool and the holderalong a predetermined path differing from a straight line, and automaticmeans for eflectin at intervals relative perpendicular with rawalbetween the toolh and the holder away from the said 10. Amechanicalmovement comprising in combination, a tool, a holder, meansfor moving the tool with respect to the holder 11. A mechanical movementcomprising in combination, a tool, means for moving the tool along apredetermined path differing from a strai ht line, and automatic meansfor perpendicularly withdrawing the tool from the said path atintervals.

12. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a guide, a pin adated to'engage the guide, means for effecting relative movement betweenthe pin and the guide in a direction generally longitudinal of thelatter, and lautomatic means for separating p the pinand the guide atintervals.

13. VA mechanical movement comprising in combination, a guide, a pin'adapted toengage the guide, two supports to which the guide and the pinrespectively are normally fixedly secured and whereby their relativemovements are limited to two directions at anan'gle to each other, meansfor effecting relative movement between the supports in one of the saiddirections, and automatic means for effecting relative withdrawal of onesupport with respect to the other at intervals.

14. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a former having acontour differing from a straight line, a pin adapted to engage theformer, means for effecting relative movement between the pin and theformer in a direction generally longitudinal of the latter, andautomatic means for separating the pin and the former at intervals.

15. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a former having acontour differing from a straight line, a. pin adapted to engage theformer, means for moving the pin along the former, and automatic meansfor separating the pin and the former at intervals.

16. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a former having acontour differing from a straight line, a pin adapted to engage theformer, means for effecting relative movement between the in and theformer in a direction generally ongitudinal of the latter, and automaticmeans for withdrawing the pin from the former at intervals.

17. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a former having acontour differing from a straight line, a pin adapted to engage theformer. means for moving the pin along the former, and automatic meansfor wlthdrawing the pin from the former at intervas.

18. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a tool, a holder7 aguide, a pin adapted to engage the guide. means for effecting relativemovement between the wel and holder and between the pin and I guidealong a path determined by the engagement of the pin with the uide, and

automatic means for separating t e tool and of the supports,means foreffecting re ative movement between the supports in one. of the saiddirections, and automatic means for effecting relative withdrawal of onesupport with respect to the other at intervals.

20. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a tool, a holder, aformer having a contour differing from a straight line, a pin adapted toengage the former, means for effecting relative movement between thetool and the holder and between the pin and the former along a pathdeter mined by the engagement of the pin with the former, and automaticmeans for effecting a relative withdrawal between the tool and theholder and between the pin and the former at intervals. v

21. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a tool, a holder, aformer having a contour differing ;frorm astxaight line, a in adaptedtoengage the former, means or intermittently moving the tool and pin alonga path determined by the engagement of the pin with the former, andautomatic means for effecting a relative withdrawal between the tool andthe holder and between the pin andthe former at intervals.

22. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a tool, a holder, aformer having a contour differing from a straight line, a pin adapted toengage the former, means for effecting relative movement between thetool and the holder and between the pin and the former alo a pathdetermined by the engagement o the pin with the former, and automaticmeans for withdrawing the pin from the former and for correspondinglywithdrawing the tool 'at intervals.

23. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a tool, a formerhaving a contour differing from a straight line, a pin adapted to'engage the former, means for moving the tool and pin along a pathdetermined by the engagement of the fpin with the former. and automaticmeans or withdrawing the in the termi' and for corresponding ywithdrawing the tool at intervals.

24. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a tool, a formerhaving a bination of a tool, a holder, automatic means .a predeterminedpath, the

contour differing from a straight line, a pin adapted to engage theformer, means or movin)r the tool and pin along a path determinedA bythe engagement of the pin with the former, automatic means forWithdrawing the pin from the former and for correspondingly withdrawingthe tool at intervals, and means for changing the position of the toolwith respect to that of the pin.

25. In a mechanical movement, the combination of a tool, a holder,automatic means for effecting at intervals relative bodily movementsbetween the tool and the holder to successive relatively fixed positionsalon a predetermined path, and means for e fecting relative withdrawal,between the tool and the holder away from the said path at the time ofeach movement.

2G. In a mechanical movement, the coinbination of a tool, a holder,automatic means for eiiectina at intervals relative bodily movementsEetween the tool and the holder to successive relatively fixed positionsalong rejections oi said positions on a straight line extending in apredetermined direction being uniformly spaced, and means for elfectingrelative withdrawal between the tool and the holder away from the saidpath at the time of each movement.

27. In a mechanical movement, the coni-- bination of a tool, a holder,automatic means for intermittently moving the tool to siiccessive fixedpositions along a predeter mined path, and means for ede/:ting relativewithdrawal between the tool and the holder away kfrom the said path atthe time of each movement.

28. In a mechanical movement, the combination of a tool, a holder,automatic means for intermittently movin the tool to successive fixedpositions 'a ong a predetermined path, the projections of said positionson a straight. line extendin in a predetermined direction beinguniformly spaced, and means for effecting relative withdrawal betweenthe tool and the holder away from the said path at the time of eachmovement.

29. In a mechanical movement, the comfor e'iecting at intervals relativebodily movements between the tool and the holder to successiverelatively fixed positions along a predetermined path, and means forwithdrawin the tool away from the said path at the time of eachmovement.

30. In a mechanical movement, the combination nf a. tool7 automaticmeans for intermittently moving the tool to successive fixed positionsalong a predetermined path and means for withdrawing the tool away fromthe said path at the time of each movement.

31. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a tool, a holder,automatic means for ellecting at intervals relative bodily movementsbetween the tool and the holder to successive relatively fixed positionsalong a predetermined path diiiering from a straight line, and means foreffecting relative withdrawal between the tool and the holder away fromthe said path at the time of each movement.

32. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a tool, a holder,automatic means for intermittently moving the tool to successive fixedpositions along a predetermined path ditlerin from a straight line, andmeans for el'ecting relative withdrawal between the tool and the holderaway from the said path at the time of each movement.

33. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a toolfaiitomaticmeans for intermittently moving the tool to successive fixed positionsalong a redetermined path differing from a straig it line, and means forwithdrawing the tool away from the said path at the time of eachmovement.

34. A mechanical movement com rising in combination, a guide, a pinadapte to engage the guide, automatic means for el'ecting at intervalsrelative movements between the pin and the guide to successive relativeengaging positions, and means for separating t e pin and the guide atthe time of each movement.

35. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a guide, a pinadapted to engage the uide, two supports to which the guide an the pinrespectively are normally {ixedly secured and whereby their relativemovements are limited to two directions at an angle to each other,automatic means for effecting relative intermittent movements betweenthe supports in one of the said directions, and means for effectingrelative withdrawal of one support with respect to the other at the timeof each intermittent movement.

36. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a former having acontour dii'ering from a straight line, a pin adapted i to engage theformer, automatic means for effecting at intervals relative movementsbetween the pin and the former to -successive relative engagingpositions, and means for separating the pin and the former at the timeof each movement. g

37. A mechanical movement co prising in combination, a former havingcontour differing from a straight line, a pig adapted to engage theformer, automatic e'ans for intermittently moving the pin to eccessivefixed positions alon the former, aiiid means forfseparating the pin andthe for er at the time of each movement. 5

38. A mechanical movement coiijprising in combination, a former havinga" `ontour differing from a straight line, a pin'adapted ica to engagethe former, automatic means for effecting at intervals relativemovements between the pin and the former to successive relative engagingpositions, and means for withdrawing the pin from the former at the timeof each movement.

39. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a former having acontour 'tively fixed positions, which positions are determined in partby the engagement of the pin with the guide, and means for separatingthe tool and holder and for separating the pin and the guide at the timeof each movement.

41. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a guide, a pinadapted to engage the guide, two supports to which the guide and pinrespectively are normally ixedly secured and whereby their relativemovements are limited to two directions at an angle to each other, atool carried by one of the supports, automatic means for effectingrelative intermittent movements between the supports in one of the saiddirections, and means for effecting relative withdrawal of one supportwith respect to the other at the time of each intermittent movement.

42. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a tool, a holder, aformer having a contour differing from a straight line, a automaticmeans for effecting at intervals relative movements between the tool andthe holder and between the pin and the former to successive positionswhich are determined in part bythe engagement of the pin with theformer, and means for effecting a relative Withdrawal between the tooland the holder and between the pinand the former at the time of eachmovement.

43. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a tool, a holder, aformer having a contour differing from astraight line, a pin adapted toengage the former. automatic means for intermittently moving the tooland pin to successive fixed positions which are determined in part bythe engagement of the pin withthe former, and means for effecting arelative withdrawal i between the tool and the holder and between thepin and the former at the time y of each movement.

in adapted to engage the former,

44. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a tool, a holder, aformer having a contour differing from a straight line, a pin adapted toengage the former, automatic means for effecting at intervals relativemovements between the tool and the holder and between the pin and theformer to successive positions which are determined in part by theengagement of the pin with the former, and means for withdrawing the pinfrom the former and for correspondingly withdrawing the tool at the timeof each movement.

45. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a tool, a formerhaving a contour differing from a straight line, a pin adapted to engagethe former, automatic means for intermittently moving the tool and pinto successive fixed positions` means for withdrawing the pin from theformer and for correspondingly withdrawing the tool at the time 0f eachmovement, and

lmeans for changing the position of the tool with respect to that of thepin.

46. A mechanical movement comprising incombination, a tool, a formerhaving a contour differing from a straight line, a pin adapted to engagethe former. automatic means for intermittently movingl the tool and pinto successive fixed positions. means for withdrawing the pin from theformer and for correspondingly withdrawing the tool at the time 93E eachmovement, and automatically acting mechanism for re larl moving the toolrelatively to the pin 1n a d1- rection at an angle to the direction ofthe intermittent movements.

47. The combination of a tool movable to or from an operative position,means for moving the tool toward its operative position, and meanssupplemental to the last said means for retarding the said movement ofthe tool.

48. The combination of a tool movable to or from an operative position,means for 110 moving the tool toward its operative position, and fluidcontrolled means supplemental to the last said means for retarding thesaid movement of the tool.

49. The combination of a tool movable to 115 or from an operativeposition, means for moving the tool toward its operative position, andmeans for retarding the said movement of the tool including a cylinderand a piston therein, the said cylinder havin 120 valved aperturesassociated therewith and permitting the rapid flow of fluid when thetool is moved away from the said positionV and restricting the How offiuid when the tool is moved toward the said position.

50. The combination of a tool movable to or from an operative position.`means for moving the tool toward its operative position, means forretarding the said movement of the tool including a cylinder and apiston 130 therein, and a Huid reservoir associated with the cylinder,two valved apertures being provided between the cylinder and thereservoir to permit the rapid How of Huid when the tool is moved awayfrom the said position and to restrict the flow of fluid when the toolis moved toward the said position.

51. The combination of a tool movable to or from an operative position,means for moving the tool toward its operative position, means forretarding the said movement of the tool including two cylinders and twopistons in the respective cylinders, and a fluid reservoir associatedwith the cylinders, two valved apertures being provided between the twoc linders and the reservoir to permit the rapi tlow of fluid when thetool is moved away from the said position and to restrict the flow ofHuid when the tool is moved toward the said position.

52. The combination of a tool movable to or from an operative position,means for retarding the movement of the tool toward the said positionincluding a cylinder and a piston' therein, a piston rod connecting thepiston with the tool, and a spring surroundln the rod and serving tomove the tool towar the said position.

- 53. The combination of a tool movable to or from an operativeposition, means for retarding the movement of the tool toward the saidposition including two cylinders and two pistons in the respectivecylinders, piston rods connecting the respective pistons with the tool,and springs surrounding the respective rods and serving to move the tooltoward the said position.

'54. The combination of a movable slide, a guideway for the slide, andmeans for vertically separating the slide and guideway by a relativemovement thereof.

55. The combination offa movable slide, a guideway for the slide, andmeans for vertically moving the slide out of contact with the guideway.

56. The combination of a movable slide, a guideway for the slide, androllers adapted to engage the slide to move it vertically out of contactwith the guideway.

57. The combination of a movable slide, a guideway for the slide,rollers adapted to engage the slide to elevate it out of contact withthe guideway, and parallel motion links controlling the rollers.

58. The combination of a movable slide, a guideway for the slide, meansfor movin the slide, means supplemental to the last sai means forretarding the said movement of the slide, and means for verticallyseparating the slide and guideway.

59. The combination of a tool movale to or from a xed operativeposition, automatic means for rapidly withdrawing the tool from the saidposition, and automatic means for slowly returning the tool toward thesaid position after each withdrawal.

60. The combination of a tool movable to or from an operative position,automatic means for withdrawing the tool from the said position, andmeans supplemental to the last said means and acting independentlythereof for returning the tool toward the said position after eachwithdrawal.

61. The combination of a tool movable to or from an operative position,automatic means for withdrawing the tool from the,

said position, means for returning the tool toward the said positionafter each withdrawal, and means supplemental to the withdrawing meansfor retarding the movement of the tool toward the said position.

62. The combination of a tool movable to or from an operative position,automatic means for withdrawing the tool from the said position, meansfor returning the tool toward the said position after each withdrawal,and means supplemental to the withdrawing means and acting independentlythereof for retarding the movement of the tool toward the said position.

63. The combination of a, movable slide, a guideway for the slide,automatic means for moving the slide from a predetermined position,means for returning the slide to the said position after eachwithdrawal, and means associated with the withdrawing means forvertically separating the slide and guideway.

64. The combination of a movable slide, a guideway for the slide,automatic means for moving the slide from a predetermined position,means associated with the withdrawing means for vertically separatingthe slide and guideway, andmeans supplemental to the withdrawing meansand acting independently thereof for returning the slide to the saidposition after each withdrawal.

65. In a mechanical movement of the class described, the combination ofa holder, a tool, automatic mechanism for effecting at intervalsrelative movements between the tool and the holder longitudinally of thelatter, automatic mechanism for rapidly withdrawin the tool from theholder before each longitu inal movement,and automaticmechanism forslowl returnin the tool to the holder after eac longitudinal movement.

`66. ln a mechanical movement of the class described, the combination ofa tool, automatic mechanism for moving the tool at intervals in apredetermined direction, automatic mechanism for rapidly withdrawing thetool transversely of the said direction before each movement, andautomatic mechanism for slowl returning the vtool transversely of thesaid direction after each movement.

intervals relative movements between the tool and the holderlongitudinally of the latter, automatic mechanlsm for withdrawin thetool from the holder before each longitudinal movement, and automaticmechamsm acting entirely independently of the last said mechanism forreturning the tool toward the holder after each longitudinal movement.

68. In a mechanical movement of the class described, the combination ofa tool, automatic mechanism for moving the tool at intervals inapredetermined direction, automatic mechanism for withdrawing the tooltransversely of the said direction before each movement, and automaticmechanism acting entirely independently of the last said mechanism forreturning the tool transversely of the said direction after eachmovement.

69. In a mechanical movement of the class described, the combination ofa holder, a. tool, automatic mechanism for effecting at intervalsrelative movements between the tool and the holder longitudinally of thelatter, mechanism for withdrawing the tool from the holder at the timeof each longitudinal movement, means for returning the tool toward theblank after each withdrawal, and means supplemental to the withdrawingand returning means for retarding the movement of the tool toward theholder.

70. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a. holder, and atool relatively movable in a predetermined direction, the said toolbeing also movable transversely of the said direction, means foreiecting relative movement between the tool and the holder in the saiddirection, automatic means for ra idly withdrawing the tool transverselyo? the said direction at intervals, automatic means for slowly returningthe tool transversely of the said direction after each withdrawal, andmeans for differently limiting the returning movements of the tool sothat the successive positions of the tool lie in a path in a directiondierent from the said predetermined direction.

71. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a tool movable in apredetermined direction and also movable transversely of the saiddirection, means for moving the tool in the said direction, automaticmeans for rapidly withdrawing the tool transversely of the saiddirection at intervals, automatic means for slowly returning the tooltransversely of the said direction after each withdrawal, and means fordillerently limiting the returning movements of the tool so that thesuccessive positions of the tool lie in a path in a direction di'erentfrom the said predetermined direction.

72. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a holder and a toolrelatively movable in the predetermined direction, the said tool beinalso movable transversely of the said irection, means for electingrelative movement between the tool and the holder in the said direction,automatic means for rapidly withdrawing the tool transversely of thesaid direction at intervals, automatic means for slowly returning thetool transversely of the said direction after each withdrawal, and meansfor dill'erently limiting the returning movements of the tool so thatthe successive positions of the tool lie in a path dilering from a straiht line.

73. mechanical movement comprising in combination, a holder and a toolrelatively movable in a predetermined direction, the said tool beingalso movable transversely of the said direction, means for effectingrelative movement between the tool and the holder in the said direction,automatic means for rapidly withdrawing the tool transversely of thesaid direction at intervals, automatic means for returning the tooltransversely of the said direction after each withdrawal, meanssupplemental to the withdrawing means and acting independently thereoffor retarding the said returning movements and means for differentlylimiting the returning movements of the tool so that the successivepositions of the tool lie in a path in a direction different from thesaid predetermined direction.

74. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a tool movable in apredetermined direction and also movable transversely of the saiddirection, means for moving the tool in the said direction, automaticmeans for withdrawing the tool transversely of the said direction atintervals, automatlc means for returning the tool transversely of thesaid direction after each withdrawal, means supplemental to thewithdrawing means and acting independently thereof for retarding the,said returning movements, and means for differently limiting the lastsaid movements of the tool so that the successive positions of the toollie in a path in a direction dil'l'erent from the said predetermineddirection.

75. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a former and aformer pin relatively movable in a predetermined direction, means foreffecting relative movement between the pin and the former in the saiddirection, automatic means for rapidly separating the pin and the formerat 1ntervals, and automatic means tor slowly causing the engagement ofthe pin and the former after each separation.

76. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a former and aformer pln relatively movable in a predetermined d1- rection, means foreffecting relative movement between the pin and the former in the saiddirection, automatic means for separating the pin and the former atintervals, and automatic means supplemental to the separating means andacting independently thereof for causing the engagement of the pin andthe former after each separation.

TT. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a former and aformer pin relatively movable in a predetermined direct-ion, means foreffecting relative movement between the pin and the forme-r in the saiddirection, automatic means for separating the pin and the former atintervals1 automatic means for causing the engagement of the pin and theformer after each separation, and means supplemental to the saidseparating means for retarding the said engagement.

78. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a former and aformer pin relatively movable in a predetermined directon,` means foreffecting relative movement between the pin and the 'former in the saiddirection, automatic means for separating the pin and the former atintervals. automatic means for cansingihe engagement of the pin and theformer after each separation` and fiuid controlled means ,for retardingthe said engagement.

T9. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a holder and a toolrelatively movable in a predetermined direction. means including aformer and a former pin for controlling the relative positions of thetool and holder, means for effecting relative movement between the tooland holder and between the pin and the former in the said predetermineddirection, automatic means for rapidly separating the pin and the formerat intervals, and automatic means for slowly causing the engagement ofthe pin and the former after each separation.

- 80. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a holder and atool relatively movable in a predetermined direction, means including aformer and a former pin for controlling the relative positions of thetool and holder, means for effecting relative movement between the tooland holder and between the pin and the former in the said predetermineddirection, automatic means for rapidly effecting relative withdrawalbetween the tool and holder and between the pin and former at intervals,and automatic means vfor slowly effecting a relative return movementbetween the tool and holder and between the pin and former after eachwithdrawal.

Sl. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a holder and a toolrelatively movable in a predetermined direction, means including aformer and a former pin for controlling the relative positions of theholder and tool` means for effecting relative movement between the tooiand hoider and between the pin and the former in the said predetermineddirection, automatic means for effecting relative withdrawal between thetool and holder and between the pin and former at intervals, andautomatic means supplemental to the withdrawing means and actingindependently thereof for effecting a relative return movement betweenthe tool and holder and between the pin and former after eachwithdrawal.

82. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a holder and a toolrelatively movable in a predetermined direction, means including aformer and a former pin for controlling the relative Hpositions of theholder and tool, means for e ecting relative movement between the tooland holder and between the pin and the former in the said predetermineddirection, automatic means for effecting relative withdrawal between thetool and holder and between the pin and former at intervals, automaticmeans for effecting a relative return movement between the tool andholder and between the pin and former after each withdrawal. and meanssupplemental to the said withdrawing means for retarding the said returnmovement.

83. A mechanical movement comprising in combination, a holder and a toolrelatively movable in a predetermined direction, means including aformer and a former pin for controlling the relative positions of theholder and tool, means for effecting relative movement between the tooland holder and between the pin and the former in the said predetermineddirection. automatic means for effecting relative withdrawal between thetool and holder and between the pin and former` automatic means foreffecting a relative return movement between the tool and holder andbetween the pin and former after each withdrawal, and fiuid controlledmeans for retarding the said return movement.

84. In a mechanical movement, the combination of a holder and a toolrelatively movable in a predetermined direction. the said tool beingalso movable transversely of the said direction. means for effecting atintervals relative movements between the tool and the holder in the saiddirection to successive fixed relative positions, automatic means forrapidly withdrawing the tool transversely of the said direction beforeeach movement` automatic means for slowly returning the tooltransversely of the said direction after each withdrawal, and means fordifferently limiting the returning movements of the tool so that thesuccessive posi` tions of the tool lie in a path in a directiondifferent from the said predetermined direction.

85. In a mechanical movement` the combination of a tool movable in apredetermined iss direction and also movable transversely of the saiddirection, means for intermittently moving the tool in the saiddirection, automatic means for rapidiy withdrawing the tool transverselyof the said direction before each intermittent movement, automatic meansfor slowly returning the tool transversely of the sald direction aftereach withdrawal, and means for differently limiting the returningmovements of the tool so that the successive positions of the tool liein a path in a direction different from the said predetermineddirection.

86. In a mechanical movement, the combination of a holder and a toolrelatively movable in a predetermined direction, the said tool beingalso movable transversely of the said direction, means for effecting atintervals relative movements between the tool and the holder in the saiddirection to successive fixed relative positionsrautomatic' means forrapidly Withdrawtin the tool transversely of the said direction foreeach m'ovement, automatic means for slowly returning the tooltransversely of the said direction after each withdrawal, and means fordilferently limiting the returning movements of the tool so that thesuccessive positions of the tool lie in a path differing from a strai htline.

87. n a mechanical movement, the combination 'of a holder and a toolrelatively movable in a predetermined direction, the said tool beingalso movable transversely of the said direction, means for effecting atvintervals relative movements between the tool and the holder in the saiddirection to successive fixed relative positions, automatic means forrapidly withdrawing the tool transversely of the said direction beforeeach movement, automatic means for returning the tool transversely ofthe said direction after each withdrawal, means supplemental to thewithdrawin means and acting independently thereo? for retarding the saidreturning movements, and means for differently limjtin the returninmovements of the tool so t at the successive positions of the tool liein a path in a direction ditlerent from thesaid predetermined direction.

88. In a mechanical movement, the combination of a tool movablein'apredetermined direction and also movable transversely of the saiddirection, means for intermittently moving the tool in the saiddirection, automatic means for withdrawing the tool transversely of thesaid direction before each longitudinal movement, automatic means forreturning the tool transversely of the said direction after eachwithdrawal, means supplemental to the withdrawing means and actingindependently thereof for retarding the said returning movements. andmeans for differently limiting the last said movements of the tool sothat the successive positions of the tool lie in a path in a directiondifferent 4from the said predetermined direction.

in a mechanicai movement, the combination of a former and a former pinbrelatively movable in a predetermined direction, means for effecting atintervals relative movements between the pin and the former in the saiddirection to successive fixed relative positions, automatic means forrapidly separating the pin and the former before each movement, andautomatic means for slowly causing the engagement of the pin and theformer after each separation.

90. In a mechanical m'ovement, the combination of a former and a formerpin relatively movable in a predetermined direction, means` foreffecting at intervals relative movements between the pin and the formerin the said direction to successive fixed relative positions, automaticmeans for separating the pin and the former before each movement, andautomatic means supplemental to the separating means and actingindependently thereof for causing the enga ement of the pin and theformer after eac separation.

91. In a mechanical movement, the' combination of a former and a formerpin relatively movable in a predetermined direction, means for effectingat intervals relative movements between the pin and the former in thesaid direction t'o sueeessivefixed relative positions, automatic'ineansfor separating the pin and the former before each 100 movement,automatic means for causing the engagement of the pin and the formerafter each Separation, and means supplemental to the said separatingmeans for retarding the said engagement.

92. In a mechanical movement, the combination of a holder and a toolrelatively movable in a predetermined direction, means including aformer and a former pin for controlling the relative positions of thetool 110 and holder, means for effecting at intervals relative movementsbetween the tool and holder and between the pin and the former in thesaid predetermined direction to successive fixed relative positions,automatic 115 means for rapidly separating the pin and the former beforeeach movement. and automatic means for slowly causing the engagement ofthe pin and the former after each separation.

93. In a mechanical movement, the combination of a holder and a toolrelatively movable in a predetermined direction,y means including aformer and a former pin for controlling the relative positions of 125the tool and holder. means for effecting at 'ntervals relative movementsbetween the tool and holder and between the pin and the former in thesaid predetermined direction to successive fixed relative positions, 130

automatic means for rapidly effecting relative withdrawal between thetool and holder and between the pin and former before each movement, andautomatic means for slowly efi'ectin a relative return movement betweent e tool and holder and between the pin and former after eachwithdrawal.

94. In a mechanical movement, the combination of a holder and a toolrelatively movable in a predetermined direction, means includin a formerand a former pin for controlling the relative positions of the holderand tool, means for effecting at intervals relative movements betweenthe tool and holder and between the in and the former in the saidpredetermined direction to successive fixed relative positions,automatic means for effecting relative Withdrawal between the tool andholder and between the pin and former before each movement, andautomatic means supplemental to the withdrawing means and actingindependently thereof for effecting a relative return movement betweenthe tool and holder and between the Jain and former after eachwithdrawal. Y

95. In a mechanical movement, the combination of a holder and a to'olrelatively movable in a predetermined direction, means including aformer and a former pin for controlling the relative positions of theholder and tool, means for effecting at intervals relative movementbetween the tool and holder and between thepin and the former in thesaid predetermined direction to successive fixed relative positions,automatic means for effecting relative withdrawal between the tool andholder and between the pin and former before each movement, automaticmeans for effecting a relative return movement between the tool andholder and between the in and former after each withdrawal an mental tothe said withdrawing means for retarding thesaid return movement.

96. The described combination of a movl able tool, a support for thetool, and automatic means for lockingthe tool to the support atintervals and for releasing it at intervals to permit movement.

97. The described combination of a movable slide, a su port for theslide, and automatic means fiiir locking the slide to the support atintervals and for releasing it at intervals to ermit movement.

98. The descri d combination of a movable slide, a sup ort for theslide, means for loc-king the s ide to the support or for releasing itto permit transverse movementand means for elevating the slide out ofcontact with the vsupport when it is released.

99. The described comb'maiion ci a able slide, a support for the slide,means for locking the side to the support or for releasing it to permitmovement, and means means supple-- includin anti-friction rollers forelevating the s ide out of contact with the support when it is released.

100. The described combination of amovable slide, a support for theslide, automatic means for locking the slide to the support at intervalsand for releasing it at intervals to permit movement, and automaticmeans for elevating the slide out fof contact with the support each timeit is released.

101. The described combination of a movable carriage, a relativelymovable tool on the carria c, automatic means for moving the toolratively to the carriage at intervals, locking means between the tooland the carria and automatic means for effecting un ockiug at the timeof each relative movement and for subsequently effecting locking.

102. The described combination of a movable carriage, a relativelymovable slide on the carriage, automatic means for moving the sliderelatively to `the carriage at intervals, locking means between theslide and the carriage, and automatic means for effecting unlocking atthe time of each relative movement and for subsequently effectinglocking.

103. The described combination of a movable carriage, a relativelymovable slide on the carriage, automatic means for moving the sliderelativelyl to the carriage at intervals, locking meansibetween theslide and the carriage, automatic means for eiectin unlocking at thetime of each withdrawa and for subsequently effecting lockin automaticmeans for elevating the slie time it is unlocked,d

104. The described combination of a movable slide having a slot thereinextending in the direction of movement of the slide, a second movableslide supporting the first slide, and means carried b the second slideand extending through t e slot for locking the slides together or forreleasing them to permit relative movement.

105. The described combination of a movable slide having a slot thereinextending in the direction of movement of the slide, a second movableslide supporting the first and each -slide and having 'an apertureregistering 1n the first slide, means` for locking `the slzldes togetheror for releasing them to'permit relative movement, and automatic meansfor elevating the first slide out of contact with the second slide Vwhenit is released.

108. The described combination of a movable slide, a second movableslide supporting the first slide, automatic means for locking the slidestogether at intervals to permit relative movement, and automatic meansfor elevating the first slide Vout of contact with the second slide whenit is released.

109. The described combination of a movable carriage, a relativelymovable slide on the carriage, a second slide mounted on the first saidslide and movable thereon, automatic means for moving the second sliderelatively to the carriage at intervals, locking means between theslides, and automatic means for effecting unlocking at the time of eachwithdrawal and for subsequently effecting locking.

110. The described combination of a movable carriage, a relativelymovable slide on the carriage, a second slide mounted on the first saidslide and movable thereon, automatic means for moving the second sliderelatively at intervals, locking means between the slides, automaticmeans for effecting unlocking at the time of each said movement of the`second slide and for subsequently effecting locking, and automatic meansfor elevating the second slide out of contact with the first slide eachtime unlocking takes place.

111. The described combination of a movable carriage, a relativelymovable slide on the carriage, a second slide mounted on the first saidslide and movable thereon, locking means between the slides, automaticmeans engagin the first said slide for moving both slides relatively tothe carriage at intervals, and automatic means acting immediately aftereach said movement of the slides to unlock the second slide from thefirst slide and subsequently acting to lock the second slide to thefirst slide.

112. In a mechanical movement, the combination of a movable carriage, arelatively movable tool on the carriage, automaticl means for moving thecarriage at intervals, locking means between the tool and the carriage,and automatic means for effecting locking after each carriage movementand unlocking before the next following carriage movement.

113. ln a mechanical movement, the combination of a movable carriage. arelatively movable slide on the carriage, automatic means for moving tbecarriage at intervals,

, locking means between the slide and tbc carriage. and automatic meansfor effecting locking after each carriage movement and unlocking beforetlie next following carriage movement.

114. In a mechanical movement, the combination of a movable'carriage, arelatively movable slide on the carriage, automatic means for moving thecarriage at intervals, locking means between the slide and the carriage,automatic means for effecting locking after each carriage movement andunlocking before the next following carriage movement and automaticmeans for elevating the slide each time it is unlocked.

115. In a mechanical movement, the combination of a movable carriage, arelatively movable tool on the carriage, automatic means for moving thecarriage at intervals, automatic means for moving the tool relatively tothe carriage at the time of each carriage movement, locking meansbetween the tool and the carriage, 'and automatic means for effectinglocking after each carriage movement and unlocking before the nextfollowing carriage movement.

116. In a mechanical movement, the combination of a movable carriage, arelativelyr movable tool on the carriage, automatic means for moving thecarriage at intervals, automatic means for moving the tool rela, tivelyto the carriage at the timeof each carriage movement, means forreturning the tool relatively to the carriage in the opposite directionafter each carriage movement, locking means between the tool and thecarriage, and automatic means for effecting unlocking before eachwithdrawal and locking after each return movement.

117. In a mechanical movement, the combination of a movable carriage, arelatively movable slide on the carriage, automatic means for moving thecarriage longitudinally at intervals, automatic means for moving theslide relatively to the carriage at the time of each carriage movement,locking means between the slide and the carriage, and automatic meansfor effecting locking after each carriage movement and unlocking beforethe next following carriage movement.

118. In a mechanical movement, the combination of a movable carriage, arelatively movable slide on the carriage, automatic means for moving thecarriage at intervals, automatic means for moving the slide relativelyto the carriage at the time of each carriage movement. locking meansbetween the slide and the carriage, automatic means for effectinglocking after each carriage movement and unlocking before the nextfollowing carriage movement, and automatic means for elevating the slideeach time it is unlocked.

11S). In a mechanical movement, the combination of u movable carriage, arelatively movable `slide on the carriage. automatic means for moving`tbe slide relativel)v to the carriage at the time oleach carriagemovement. locking means between tbe slide and the carriage, andautomatic means for effect-

